Iris Publishers Civil Engineering Open Access Journals

  Abstract There are different methods to quantify the amount of uncertainties in the analysis of structures and their design procedures. The efficiency and the suitability of each method depend on the type of analysis and the load scenario that will be used for this analysis. In this paper, different uncertainty propagation methods are used to quantify the amount of uncertainties in the wind load analysis procedures to quantify the load impact on the gable roofs of residential buildings. Therefore, Direct Monte Carlo Simulation, Importance Sampling, First Order Reliability Method, and Taylor Approximation are used to further investigate the impact of each method on the uncertainty quantification. The selected example structure to perform the analysis is one of the different archetypes that has been used for the tornado analysis in the literature. The different wind load demand parameters and components statistics are used to conduct the different stochastic analyses. The analysis ...

  Abstract A three-dimensional thermodynamic setting for the modelling of elastic-plastic materials is established. The second law of thermodynamics is assumed in the Clausius-Duhem form with the entropy production being given by a constitutive function. An incremental stress strain relation is derived. In essence the free energy is found to describe the elastic behaviour while the hysteretic properties are a joint consequence of the entropy production and the free energy. Read More about this article:  https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/thermodynamically-consistent-models-of-elastic-plastic-materials.ID.000672.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles :  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ:dQ2og3OwTAUC

  Abstract To minimize earthquake-induced damages in structures, one of the most reliable ways to design and construct earthquake-resistant buildings is to utilize reinforced concrete shear walls because they increase the structural resistance to lateral loads and effectively stiffens and strengthens the structure. This is known as the best seismic-resistant design method that ensures the stability of multi-story buildings against lateral forces when subjected to strong earthquakes. This paper investigates the effects of the shear wall location in a typical low-rise building to improve earthquake resistance. The study initially models a five-story reinforced concrete structure without shear walls and then adds shear walls at different locations in the structure. SAP2000 is used to perform dynamic analysis under the 1994 Northridge earthquake, an example of severe seismic excitation. Response modal nonlinear time-history dynamic analysis is utilized to obtain an accurate representat...

  Abstract Pipelines are an economical means of transporting oil and gas. A commonly encountered performance issue with such structures, however, is their susceptibility to buckling under hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure loads. In such a failure scenario, the pipe will suddenly collapse under the action of the loads and can render the transport structure as ineffective. The engineering design of pipes must therefore account for the action and magnitudes of such anticipated service loading, referred to as buckle propagation pressure, in achieving an adequate and sound performance. As for the notion of economy, since buckle propagation pressure is closely related to the pipe wall thickness, it has a direct bearing on overall project costs. In this study, to simulate in situ conditions of subsea pipelines, only uniform hydrostatic pressure was taken into consideration as the source for loading. A finite element method (FEM) model was then used to examine the buckling modes on pip...

  Abstract The planning process is imperative for the construction industry as a management tool for building and residential construction firms. Effective planning procedures coordinate, monitor and guide processes for enhanced outcomes. Unfortunately, inadequate planning or no coherent outlining is the reality for most Brazilian companies in the construction sector, i.e. the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector. This article aims to review a set of practical models for better planning and controlling for vertical building construction focusing on currently available software in the local market. By examining these techniques this article also intends to disseminate awareness regarding current concerns in the industry. Read More about this article:  https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/application-of-management-and-control-techniques-in-brazilian-construction-industry.ID.000545.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles :  https...

  Abstract Based on continuum topology optimization, a subdomain approach for achieving optimal pile layout in a composite pile foundation (CPF) is presented. In general, the computational time is excessively long when the span of a CPF is far greater than the depth of pile and the nonlinearity of soils and soil-pile contact are considered. To reduce computational time, we suggest dividing the original pile foundation into a number of subdomains. Only a few representative subdomains (RSs), such as the corner representative subdomain (CRS), side representative subdomain (SRS), and inner representative subdomain (IRS), are required to find the optimal pile layout through topology optimization. In optimization, the pile volumes, maximum settlement, and settlement uniformity of foundation surface are considered simultaneously. Numerical experiments are presented, and the validity of the algorithm is verified. In the present method, a CPF with an initial uniform layout of piles of the s...

  Abstract Zaha Hadid is distinguished in the field of architecture engineering; she completed many projects with unique architectural design and won many awards for her architectural achievements and engineering designs. She also worked as a visiting professor at a number of prestigious American and European universities such as Harvard, Yale, Ohio State University, and University of Hamburg. These achievements have been accomplished by the tireless efforts of hard work and diligence through many stations and challenges–all of which have played an influential and formative role in the development of her architectural talent and acquired her a world-wide reputation, as she is ranked one of the 100 most influential women in the world. This study presents an overview of Zaha’s architectural design philosophy and concepts, and a consideration of the relationship between architectural form and the supporting structural system. Keywords:  Zaha hadid architectural philosophy; Decons...

  Abstract The problem of increasing the bearing capacity of a foundation is always an urgent one in today’s geotechnical construction. With significant loads transferred to foundations, the use of traditional technologies is not always justified. There is often an urgent need to use non-standard methods of strengthening the foundations. In many cases, the geotechnical situation is aggravated by the presence of weak underlying layers with unstable physical and mechanical characteristics in the engineering-geological sections. When reinforcing such foundations with the help of traditional piles, the latter can receive negative friction, which significantly reduces their bearing capacity on the ground, sometimes reaching zero values. This can lead to additional precipitation of objects being erected and objects already erected in the zone of geotechnical influence. The use of Electric Discharge Technology (EDT) piles in most cases successfully solves many complex geotechnical problem...

  Abstract The operational reliability of the constructed buildings and structures depends on the rationally accepted type of foundation. In cases of presence of structurally unstable engineering-geological elements (EGE) in foundation, the increased requirements are imposed on design and construction of foundations. For foundation beds composed of collapsible soils of natural occurrence, the main deteriorating indicators are the relative collapsibility coefficient ɛse and the initial collapsible pressure Pse. The neglect of the influence of these indicators in most cases leads to deterioration in the reliable operation of the erected structures. The article presented here gives a case from geotechnical practice, when, a timely discovered error of not taking collapsible characteristics into account, made it possible to avoid an emergency situation at a structure under construction. Keywords:  Relative collapsibility coefficient; Initial collapsible pressure; Electric-discharge...

  Abstract The case of ill-considered construction of a two-Storey brick building in the zone of geotechnical influence of the operated building which resulted in its emergency condition was considered. Timely accident prevention measures, including reinforcement of the foundation by means of drilled injection EDT piles and safety measures, such as arrangement of prestressed ties from eight rows of high-strength valves enclosing a supporting wall of two rows of drilling injection EDT piles of Ø350 mm, made by electric-discharge technology from the side of the altar, allowed to save the monument of federal architecture from collapse. Keywords:  Strain cracks; Strain rate; Drilling injection pile; Electro-discharge technology; Emergency response commission Read More about this article:   https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/experience-of-using-drilling-injection-edt-piles-in-emergency-response-of-a-public-building.ID.000663.php Read More about Iris Publishers Go...

  Abstract This literature review paper presents the latest technologies, designs and technics which has been used to improve the transverse impact resistivity of Concrete Filled Steel Tubes (CFST). Moreover, this literature review paper has included past researchers in the field since 1976 up to 2020. Different types of concrete filled steel tube designs and materials subjected to lateral/transverse impact load were discussed, for example, (1) Concrete Filled single skin Steel Tubular - CFST, (2) Concrete Filled Double skin Steel Tubular - CFDST, (3) Concrete Filled Stainless Steel Tubular - CFSST, (4) High Strength Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular - HSCFST, (5) Concrete Filled Steel Tubular - CFST structural elements strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymer - FRP, (6) Reinforced Steel Concrete Filled Steel Tubular - RSCFST, (7) Partially Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular - PCFST structural elements. Besides, the methodologies used by past researchers were argued in terms of geometrica...

  Abstract The construction of facilities in cramped conditions requires a special approach to the need to develop and implement measures to ensure the safe operation of the buildings surrounding the building within the limits of geotechnical influence. Builders often neglect the impact of the new facility technology on the possible negative effects (cracks on facades due to uneven precipitation, heels, etc.) of the buildings in use. The term «minimum price» is still used when part of a building is erected below zero. This approach completely disregards the notion of «technical utility». At the same time the builders go to any tricks to reduce the cost. This «irrational» way of construction may eventually result in a substantial increase in the cost of constructing a zero part of a building and, as a general rule, in a longer construction period (agreement on a new project as a result of substitution of another geotechnical technology, passing of new construction expertise). This a...

  Mini Review This review focuses on the numerical nonlinear analysis of blast pressure wave propagation on CFRP reinforced buildings. The frequency and severity of missile attacks and terrorist operations have led to the need for building strengthened structures against these dangers. The implementing of extreme and immediate explosive energy imposed to buildings needs special requirements. Also, the CFRP reinforced structures shows their ability in facing to various types of dynamic loads such as earthquakes, winds and waves. Their ability to respond to such intense loads is evaluated in this research. Explosion is a very fast release of energy in the form of light, heat, sound and shock wave. The shock wave consists of a very dense air that moves quickly from the center of explosion outward with ultrasonic velocity. By the expansion of the shock wave, the value of pressure decreases rapidly (proportional to distance, the third factor) and reflects after reaching a rigid surface,...