Iris Publishers Civil Engineering Open Access Journals

 Abstract This article describes the process of design, analysis, and manufacture of a modular, adaptable, and lightweight folding Bamboo dome. The study developed a new form-finding method with rigid scissors to simulated complex geometric forms to show rigid-bar deformation and using more uniform bars. The structure is composed of six flat semi-arches that fold through the scissor-type system reducing the size of the dome to facilitate is transport. Bamboo bars with a circular section are used as a main material for the structural arches. This research has been contextualized in the development and the form-finding process of curved surfaces with articulated bars. Félix Escrig’s projects have been utilized as the main reference, in particular, his method based on the regular polyhedron’s geometry, which allows obtaining the largest number of similar pieces. For this case study, a new approach to the regular polygon method is applied in the design process. The new methodology allo...

  Abstract The problem of increasing the bearing capacity of foundations is always an urgent problem in modern geotechnical construction. With additional increased external loads on existing restraint structures, the use of traditional technologies to ensure their stability is not always justified. Often there is an urgent need to use non-standard methods of strengthening the bases. There are frequent cases of using existing retaining reinforced concrete structures for new additional loads from newly erected objects. In such cases, the use of ERT drill piles and soil ERT anchors in most cases successfully solves many complex geotechnical problems of strengthening overloaded bases. Read More about this article: https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/the-case-of-strengthening-the-base-of-a-deformed-retaining-wall.ID.000686.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles : https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=LoZ6uCQA...

  Abstract To obtain a tensile strain-hardening behavior by using the ordinary polypropylene (PP) fiber, the micromechanical model recommends the increase of the fiber low interfacial bond with an ordinary cementitious matrix. It was predicted that the alkali-activated slag (AAS) composite high drying shrinkage performance would affect the fiber interface frictional bond during the pullout. Generally, twenty different PP fiber reinforced AAS composites with drastically different material properties were obtained in this research. In order to alter the drying shrinkage performance of the composites, two different curing methods, namely, heat-treatment and laboratory temperature, were applied to the developed specimens. All examined composites showed a deflection-hardening response in flexure; for most of them, the flexural strength was significantly increased from the cracking strength and the responses were similar to flexural response of a strain-hardening cementitious composite (...

  Abstract Aging and decay of transportation facilities, and the higher long-term cost of passive maintenance has led to the need for development of proactive management systems for bridge maintenance, repair and rehabilitation. This paper proposes a framework for Bridge Decision Support Framework (BDSF) as a form of proactive asset management system. A BDSF allows the asset manager to perform economic analyses on a bridge in order to establish priorities and make preliminary selection of preservation, repair or rehabilitation options. Among various bridge systems, segmental bridges using internal and external post-tensioning have faced great challenges due to issues related to the durability of the posttensioning tendons. Although some reserve capacity has been designed into these bridges, failure of tendons can have profound effect in the safety and structural integrity. These experiences have stressed the need for a proactive and predictive BDSF. A major component of such system...

  Abstract Computational geomechanics is the field of computational mechanics where geo-engineering systems are analyzed using the prinCurrently there is a demand for CCS of large quantities of CO 2  associated with CH 4  in the pre-salt offshore oil fields in Brazil. The pre-salt reservoirs have as caprock 2000 meters of continuous rock salt. Rock salt is a special geomaterial. It has negligible permeability and porosity, is able to support very high stresses, develops the self-healing effect, fractures will heal only with time and a good geomechanical project can design very large openings in the salt body. In Brazil the rock mechanics and computing modeling related to underground excavations in salt rock started in the years 1970´s with very complex challenges, starting with the project of an underground mining of sylvinite (potash ore) overlying tachyhydrite, a very weak salt rock, solving the challenges of the solution mining of salt caverns, for brine production, in...

  Abstract A significant proportion of household sanitation needs for low-income densely-populated settlements of developing countries is met by pit latrines, which must be either emptied or relocated when full. New latrine construction cost and space scarcity suggest that pit latrine emptying (PLE) may be the only practical option for the peri-urban poor. PLE, however, has challenges – it is expensive, not well planned, lack of transportation access to disposal sites, often infeasible use of conventional vacuum truck in overcrowded and inaccessible areas, poorly maintained vacuum tankers, and poor households are often missed out of services. One of the major challenges to efficient PLE is technology. Several credible, past and current, literature and bibliographies were gathered to support the review process. This paper explores, through a review, the limitations and challenges of PLE technologies, prompted by the need for more efficient pit emptying options and services. The revi...

  Abstract After the first infection of the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic in December 2019 in Wuhan city in China, it is spreading all over the world. Currently the pandemic cases are increasing globally and its impact on many industries including the construction is increasing. In the case of construction, projects of all types and sizes are at risk and industry participants must consider the impacts the pandemic that may have on projects. These days, the health warning so often heard is “wash your hands”. From the construction industry health perspective, the current warning for stakeholders is “read your contract” prior to proceeding to the next steps. This study assessed the possible impacts of COVID-19 on construction industry with two proposed scenarios namely; ‘Force Majeure’ and Changes in Law’. From the scenarios, remedies provided to the stakeholders in construction industry from the globally applicable contract forms including FIDIC, JCT or NEC provisions...

  Abstract In the real world, there are many problems in which it is desirable to optimize one or more objective functions at the same time. These are known as single and multi-objective optimization problems respectively and continuous research is being conducted in this field and nature inspired heuristic optimization methods (also called advanced optimization algorithms) are proving to be better than the classical deterministic methods and thus are widely used. These algorithms have been applied to many engineering optimization problems and proved effective for solving some specific kinds of problems. In this paper, a review of the most popular optimization algorithms used in different problems related to the civil engineering during the last two decades is presented. It is hoped that this work will be useful to researchers involved in optimization. Read More about this article: https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/usage-of-optimization-techniques-in-civil-engineering-durin...

  Iris Publishers - Open Access Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Application of Measurement Technology in the Teaching of Bridge Inspection Course Abstract Aiming at the current teaching situation of bridge inspection courses, this paper discusses the shortcomings and causes of the current bridge inspection courses in measurement technology teaching. For the purpose of training talents and improving measurement technology, we propose methods for teaching reform of measurement technology. Through measures such as increasing the test environment and improving laboratories, we can cultivate students’ practical ability and awareness, improve teaching quality, and provide reference for related courses. Keywords:  Bridge; Instrument; Detection Introduction The rapid economic development has driven the construction of infrastructure and bridge projects into a period of rapid development. The increasing traffic volume which continues to increase has a greater impact on the ...

   Iris Publishers - Open Access Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Comparative Analysis of Engineering Properties of Indus River Sand Concrete with Quarry Dust Concrete, District Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan Abstract This study shows the comparative analysis engineering, the physical and mechanical properties of river sand concrete with quarry dust concrete. The selected materials were batched by weight and volume. The water-cement ratio was opted as 0.50 1:2:4 for mix ratio was selected for the experimental investigation, respectively. The specimens were cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. For the purpose Slump, density and compressive strength tests were carried out. The river sand concrete showed better results and greater density and compressive strength than quarry dust concrete for all curing ages. The 28 days of curing, river sand concrete rise the required compressive strength by 36%, whereas quarry dust concrete was less than the limit compressive strength by 12%. B...

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