Iris Publishers Civil Engineering Open Access Journals

  Abstract Building construction throughout the world faces defects from normal to heavy and destructive like cracks and fractures which cause damages and finally collapse to heavy life losses along with economical and financial. The crack-like structures are found in walls and columns also. For the purpose of study, the international experts have classified the smallest allowable standards of these defects which may not be harmful to buildings and people living there. This research study has been carried out to investigate the main reasons to investigate the causes of cracks in newly completed and used buildings in where some distinct cracks appeared immediately and after some years. Often these cracks seem almost in walls and other structural elements such as columns and beams, with different patterns. The general methods consisting of reconnaissance survey; building inspection and laboratory testing were used to investigate the causes of these detrimental cracks. By the use of a...

  Abstract In this paper reinforced concrete beam column joint is modelled and analyzed using ABAQUS software to compare the simulated results with the experimental study. The joint is the most critical and most important part of the multi-story frames or multi-story buildings when they are subjected to earthquake loading. In this research the joint is analyzed for two different types of non-linear analysis that is non-linear static analysis and a part of non-linear dynamic analysis for the visual comparison with the experimental study. Read More about this article: https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/sfrc-modelling-and-non-linear-analysis-of-beam-column-joint-under-cyclic-loading.ID.000671.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles : https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ:hkOj_22Ku90C

  Abstract Various methods of water purification aim to obtain such a purity class that makes it suitable for consumption are presented in the article. It is a review of solutions, ranging from methods known and used for over 100 years, through research and experiments underway, to only a concept. Some of the solutions are so effective that they should also be combined with safe storage of purified water. Flexible tanks are used for this, which significantly improve logistics and provide a supply of water in all places where it is needed. Depending on whether the lack of drinking water results from a sudden change in the situation resulting from a natural or technical disaster, or whether it is a continuous state, e.g., from prolonged drought, a drastic reduction in water quality or its lack due to permanently damaged or non-existent water supply infrastructure, each of the described cases requires the use of different solutions, which will be described in the article based on solu...

  Abstract Soils with expansion problems have volumetric deformations due to changes in its humidity. There are several soil improvement techniques that consist of materials that react chemically with clay soil or materials that encapsulate the clays to isolate them from water. This work presents a physical alternative based on the use of natural vesicular materials to reduce the change in soil volume. It is concluded that the decrease in expansion of soils using natural void structures like scoria depend on its amount of void volume. This study showed that the volume corresponding to the decrease in expansion required in a soil is equivalent to approximately half of its hollow volume within the soil. Read More about this article: https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/vesicular-material-for-reducing-expansion-of-soils.ID.000679.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles : https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=...

  Abstract The vertical component of ground motions is known to cause severe damages to certain structures. Long span cable-stayed bridges are among those vulnerable structures due to their high mass and cables that take no compression. In this paper, the vertical earthquake effects on several cable-stayed bridges have been investigated using 3-D nonlinear time history finite element analyses. Different main span lengths, pylon shapes and pylon/deck connection types are considered. The results indicates that the vertical ground motion component should be considered in the analysis of such bridges and affects many key elements of the bridge. Read More about this article: https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/effects-of-vertical-component-of-earthquakes-on-cable-stayed-bridges.ID.000685.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles : https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80...

 Abstract  This work seeks to assess the impact of adding a lane for slower trucks on a divided multilane highway on CO2 emissions. A portion of the U.S. 101 highway in San Luis Obispo County in California consists of the Cuesta Grade which is a 2.75-mile segment with a 7% grade. A microsimulation software, VISSIM, was used in conjunction with the Environmental Protection Agency’s emissions model, MOVES, to estimate CO2 emissions on the corridor before and after the construction of the third lane. It was found that CO2 emissions decreased between 1998 (before) and 2012 (after the 2003 lane addition), but the effect of the truck lane was shown to be different for the northbound (uphill) and southbound (downhill) directions. The truck lane in the northbound direction exhibited a 9.5% decrease in volume with 10.7% decrease in emissions, and the southbound direction experienced a 20.3% increase in volume but 7.4% decrease in emissions. For the northbound (uphill) direction, emis...

  Abstract Road networks are an essential component of infrastructure. In order to improve the performance of road networks, the existing (business as usual) data collection methods are critical for management staff. However, with the development of big data and technologies, advanced devices and analysis methods appeared in research area and industries. These technologies are more cost-efficient and intelligent to collect and analyze data. Therefore, there is a need to review the existing data collection methods and explore the state-of-the-art technologies regarding data gathering to figure out how best they can be used. This systematic review has been conducted to identify the technologies and data usage by answering two primary questions: 1) What is the evidence to support the use of existing data collection methods for the road sector? 2) What is the evidence to support the state-of-the-art technologies being used for road-related data collection and analysis? There is suffici...

  Abstract There are different methods to quantify the amount of uncertainties in the analysis of structures and their design procedures. The efficiency and the suitability of each method depend on the type of analysis and the load scenario that will be used for this analysis. In this paper, different uncertainty propagation methods are used to quantify the amount of uncertainties in the wind load analysis procedures to quantify the load impact on the gable roofs of residential buildings. Therefore, Direct Monte Carlo Simulation, Importance Sampling, First Order Reliability Method, and Taylor Approximation are used to further investigate the impact of each method on the uncertainty quantification. The selected example structure to perform the analysis is one of the different archetypes that has been used for the tornado analysis in the literature. The different wind load demand parameters and components statistics are used to conduct the different stochastic analyses. The analysis ...

  Abstract A three-dimensional thermodynamic setting for the modelling of elastic-plastic materials is established. The second law of thermodynamics is assumed in the Clausius-Duhem form with the entropy production being given by a constitutive function. An incremental stress strain relation is derived. In essence the free energy is found to describe the elastic behaviour while the hysteretic properties are a joint consequence of the entropy production and the free energy. Read More about this article:  https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/thermodynamically-consistent-models-of-elastic-plastic-materials.ID.000672.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles :  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=LoZ6uCQAAAAJ:dQ2og3OwTAUC

  Abstract The planning process is imperative for the construction industry as a management tool for building and residential construction firms. Effective planning procedures coordinate, monitor and guide processes for enhanced outcomes. Unfortunately, inadequate planning or no coherent outlining is the reality for most Brazilian companies in the construction sector, i.e. the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector. This article aims to review a set of practical models for better planning and controlling for vertical building construction focusing on currently available software in the local market. By examining these techniques this article also intends to disseminate awareness regarding current concerns in the industry. Read More about this article:  https://irispublishers.com/ctcse/fulltext/application-of-management-and-control-techniques-in-brazilian-construction-industry.ID.000545.php Read More about Iris Publishers Google scholar Articles :  https...

  Abstract Zaha Hadid is distinguished in the field of architecture engineering; she completed many projects with unique architectural design and won many awards for her architectural achievements and engineering designs. She also worked as a visiting professor at a number of prestigious American and European universities such as Harvard, Yale, Ohio State University, and University of Hamburg. These achievements have been accomplished by the tireless efforts of hard work and diligence through many stations and challenges–all of which have played an influential and formative role in the development of her architectural talent and acquired her a world-wide reputation, as she is ranked one of the 100 most influential women in the world. This study presents an overview of Zaha’s architectural design philosophy and concepts, and a consideration of the relationship between architectural form and the supporting structural system. Keywords:  Zaha hadid architectural philosophy; Decons...

  Abstract The operational reliability of the constructed buildings and structures depends on the rationally accepted type of foundation. In cases of presence of structurally unstable engineering-geological elements (EGE) in foundation, the increased requirements are imposed on design and construction of foundations. For foundation beds composed of collapsible soils of natural occurrence, the main deteriorating indicators are the relative collapsibility coefficient ɛse and the initial collapsible pressure Pse. The neglect of the influence of these indicators in most cases leads to deterioration in the reliable operation of the erected structures. The article presented here gives a case from geotechnical practice, when, a timely discovered error of not taking collapsible characteristics into account, made it possible to avoid an emergency situation at a structure under construction. Keywords:  Relative collapsibility coefficient; Initial collapsible pressure; Electric-discharge...

 Iris Publishers - Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Benefits of Vehicle Automation for Public Transportation Operations Abstract Over the past few years, vehicle automation has witnessed tremendous focus from both the academic perspective and industrial perspective. However, autonomous cars have been the main focus of many studies in the literature, unlike research on the automation of buses which is rare. Thus, this paper discusses the benefits of the application of the automation technology to the public transportation service. Autonomous buses can improve the quality of transit service, reduce the operating costs dramatically, increase vehicle utilization, increase the frequency of the transit service with low operating costs and allow for vehicle platooning. While many benefits can be achieved from the automation of buses, further research studies and focus from the academia are required to quantify these benefits, estimate the implications of the automation of publi...

   Iris Publishers - Open Access Journal of Civil Engineering Approach to Increasing the Carrying Capacity of the Pile Base The problem of increasing a foundation bearing capacity is always an urgent problem in geotechnical construction. With increased loads on the base, the use of traditional technologies is not always justified. It is necessary to use non-traditional bases strengthening methods. Most often, the situation is aggravated by the presence of weak underlying layers with unstable physical and mechanical characteristics in the engineering-geological sections. When reinforcing such bases with the help of traditional piles, they can get negative friction, reducing their bearing capacity by the ground. This article presents a developed algorithm for the construction of combined soil-concrete bored piles with simultaneous fixing of weak engineering and geological elements. At the same time, in areas with weak layers along the length of the piles, the developed geotechni...

  Iris Publishers - Peer Review Journal of Civil Engineering Evaluation of the Quality of Concrete Structures by the Rebound Hammer Method The quality problems encountered in concrete structures appear at different stages of the construction of works, it is for this reason that for a long time there has been an increased demand for more precise and, at the same time, more flexible methods of concrete quality assessment. This paper presents some notions concerning the Schmidt rebound hammer test which is one of the non-destructive methods most used for the recognition of the condition of building structures. This test is quick and easy, it makes it possible to control the quality of the construction and to indirectly measure the compressive strength of concrete in situ. The rebound hammer calibration procedure was detailed on an example by presenting the different steps. The influence of several factors affecting the rebound hammer test, whether related to the properties of concrete...

  Iris Publishers - Open Access Journals of Civil Engineering Carbonation of Reinforced Concrete Structures This paper presents a general overview of the phenomenon of carbonation of concrete which is inseparable from this building material. Indeed, during the lifetime of the structure, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the concrete from the surface of the material. Carbon dioxide (CO2) can then react with the products resulting from the hydration of the cement. Carbonation gradually changes the chemical composition and internal microstructure of concrete. During the life of the structure, the concrete thus traps carbon dioxide up to 10 to 15% of the CO2 emitted during the decarbonation of the limestone necessary for the manufacture of the cement. Engineers learned during the 20th century to master certain problematic consequences of the phenomenon of carbonation. At the end of the life of the structure, carbonation can, this time, be exploited to fix CO2 in the hardened ceme...